又是一个新学期了

还没准备好可马上要考试了？

考前机经就变得至关重要！

~ 3月16日机经在此~

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听 力 部 分

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1.学生咨询关于一篇论文的source的问题。一种鱼类动物的灭绝可能是人类造成的，因为池塘dry up，所以没有地方繁衍，但是文中又提到说是deforestation 造成了该动物的灭绝。觉得有些不准确。教授提到这并不矛盾，并介绍了transpiration的概念，说明是远处的热带雨林的减少会影响当地的降雨，造成池塘dry up。

2.学生写论文，需要查一篇文章。但是打不开。原因是为学校提供database维护的公司现在不做了，一部分data找不到了。学生的文章就找不到了。建议学生去图书馆或者interlibrary system去找其他的代替资源。

3.天文学系一位男生去图书馆预定T恤，为的是参加科学集会。这个T恤的灵感来自于物理学系的同学。这位天文学系男生自己很有想法。他设计的T恤正面是八大行星的照片，下面写上它们的名字。然后，图书管理员阿姨问，为什么没有冥王星(Pluto)，学生说，Pluto已经不是Major planet，而是Minor planet。学生说T恤的背面设计也很简单，先在上面写一句话：all are welcome in the astronomy department，而且必须小写(major)，然后来一张Pluto的图。

4.咖啡对于欧洲的影响。一是更健康，因为咖啡用热水，然后可以除掉很多细菌。因为咖啡不能在家里面做。所以他让各个阶层的人有机会一起交流，比如说名人，科学家。他们的新发现，有时甚至在咖啡厅里做实验。他们的交流导致了新思想的产生。但是社会的发展往往不是单个因素造成的，还有其他原因。

5.作家的poem分析是他所有的作品没有使用打印机打印，因为他为了方便和交流和修改。但印刷的好处是能在短时间内接触到更多的阅读者。因为作品是手写的，而且包含一些政治内容，所以不能传播，他的作品被很多人修改，所以一首诗在后期研究的时候发现有很多版本无法判断是否是原稿件。研究者发现一个可能是原稿件作品。但是不确定教授认为不是因为他的诗歌比较简洁。

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Conversation 3

Berber人的历史

题目

1. Why does the woman go to see the professor?

A. To ask his opinion regarding a debate about the origins of the Berber people

B. To get feedback on a paper that she recently submitted

C. To propose an alternative topic for a paper she is working on

D. To clarify a point that the professor made in class

2. According to the woman, what error did she make in writing her original paper?

A. She did not follow the advice of the professor's graduate assistant.

B. She forgot to include information about the ancient Romans and Egyptians in the paper.

C. She began writing the paper before completing all the necessary research.

D. She did not provide citations for all the sources she used to write the paper.

3. How does the professor respond when the woman tells him that she wrote a new proposal?

A. He suggests that the woman's original proposal was stronger than the new proposal.

B. He indicates that he could have helped the woman find suitable material for her original proposal.

C. He expresses disappointment that he did not have an opportunity to suggest a new topic for the woman.

D. He suggests possible sources of information about the woman's new topic.

4. What topic is covered in the woman's new proposal?

A. The difference between civilizations that have writing and those that do not

B. The ways in which international organizations interact with contemporary African governments

C. The role of education in premodern Berber societies

D. The ways in which children in some modern-day nomadic communities are educated

5. What is the professor's opinion of the woman's new topic?

A. It is preferable to her original topic.

B. It meets the assignment's requirements.

C. It is too broad to be covered adequately.

D. It is not relevant to current events.

听力文本

Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and her anthropology professor.

Student: You know the topic I submitted for my research proposal, the historical origins of the Berber people of North Africa? Well, I started writing and it just wasn’t working for me. I’m pretty much going nowhere with the research.

Professor: I’m sorry to hear that. It was such an original choice. What happened?

Student: Well, I found plenty of information about Berber’s society in present day North Africa. But even though the evidence points to Berber civilization probably dating back five thousand years, there’s no real scholarly consensus about their ancestry.

Professor: That’s true. We don’t have a consensus. Feelings about their origins range from parts of Europe to the Middle East. Part of the problem is that the Berber language wasn’t traditionally a written one so there aren’t any historical records written by the Berbers themselves that we can trace back to antiquity. As a result, it’s hard to find any direct evidence of their origin.

Student: Yeah. The ancient Egyptians and Romans mentioned them a bit. I thought it was great when the graduate assistant, Raymond, recommended this topic to me. But along with the opposing theories, the main thing is that I just don’t feel I will get enough material to base a paper on. Maybe I should have talked to you first, but I went ahead and wrote a totally new proposal. I hope that’s okay.

Professor: Yes, of course. But I wish we would’ve had this talk before you veered off into this new direction. You know, even though historians haven’t come to a consensus, we could’ve worked together and I’m sure you could’ve written a good paper acknowledging of course that disagreements about the Berber’s origin exist.

Student: Oh, okay.

Professor: And I also would have directed you to Anthrotopics as a place to look.

Student: Anthrotopics? It rings a bell.

Professor: I’m sure I mentioned it in class. It’s a good website for scholarly sources on anthropological classes. Check it out. Maybe you could come back to the Berbers for your second paper.

Student: Okay. I will think about it.

Professor: But in the meantime, you said you have something else?

Student: Yes, it’s about nomadic populations and schooling in parts of Africa like how the whole issue of children attending school is being addressed in modern nomadic communities.

Professor: That’s certainly is a timely topic. In fact, I just read a recent study on this subject. African governments and international agencies are struggling to figure out how to deal with this issue.

Student: I’ve brought you a copy of the proposal and this time I went ahead and did some research first so I know the material is there. It’s not a historical topic. Is that a problem?

Professor: Well, the assignment was to write on an anthropological problem related to an African community. The topic doesn’t necessarily have to be historical.

答案

1. C 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B

文章大意

女生去找教授，说自己在写的一篇论文存在困难，困难就是她发现可以找到的材料虽然多，但是研究者们并没有达成共识。教授说研究者确实在这个话题上没有达成共识，因为Berber人并没有书面语言，所以没有留下直接证据。女生说自己又换了一个新的主题，但新的主题不是历史事件。教授说没有关系，只要是人类学的话题就可以。

口 语 部 分

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1. Talk about the advantage and disadvantage of being active on social media.

2. Should students be required to evaluate their professors at the end of the semester?

3. Your professor asks you to help him with his research project, but on that day you have promised your sister to attend her birthday party. How will you choose?

4. Which of the following people can give most useful help in your future career direction?

1) Teachers

2) Families

3) Friends

5. How should parents teach their kids to work with others?

6. If a foreign teacher comes to your country to teach high school student, what suggestions will you give him for preparation?

7. Which of the following has the greatest impact on students’ life?

1) electronic books

2) smart phones

3) online courses

8. Suppose your friend is going to a job interview. What suggestions do you have for him?

9. If your university is going to invite someone to give a speech, who do you think they should invite? A businessman, a scientist or a politician?

10. Your friend has to work a lot. Please suggest a hobby that can help him spend his weekend in a more delightful way. Explain why. Please include details and examples in your explanation.

11. A lot of experienced and inexperienced climb mountains every year, which one of the following adjectives would you use to describe this experience? Adventurous, frightening or foolish?

{版本2}

TASK 1

1. Describe one way you benefit from using the Internet.

2. Your college got a large amount of money, where do you think it should spend to improve student life? Technology, sports facilities and research.

3. People face many difficulties in life. Which one of the following time periods is the most difficult to you? Childhood, teenage-hood or adulthood? Give Specific details and examples to explain your answer.

4. Someone's coming to your city for a visit with little knowledge about the weather and the place. What suggestions are you going to give him? Please give specific reasons.

5. How do you reward yourself if you work hard or get a job? Why?

6. Which of the following jobs do you want to do: tutor others, be a visiting scholar? Why?

7. What quality is the most important to be a university student: highly motivated, hard-working, or intelligence? Using details and examples to support your idea.

8. Which of the following ways is the best in getting to know Italian culture?

1)Watching Italian movies

2)Learning Italian cooking

3)Attending Italian lectures or history classes

9. Some students prefer to take an essay question where they must write an essay to a question. Other students prefer to take a test with objective questions. Which type of exam question do you prefer? Give reasons and examples in your explanation.

10. When you earn a little extra money, is it better to spend your money or is it better to save your money for some time in the future?

11. Some students like to learn by themselves, others prefer to share their ideas with others. Which one do you prefer?

12. Which of the following three behaviors would you consider the most negative for kids? Being selfish, saying impolite things or speaking loudly in public.

13. Which of the following attributes would you consider the most valuable in your roommates?

1) being friendly

2) being quite

3) has a good hygiene habit

14. Which kind of method will you use to solve the misunderstanding between you and your friend?

15. What kind of pet do you suggest your friend to have?